Thursday, December 26, 2019

Dante and Christian beliefs of the afterlife - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 1972 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Dante's Inferno Essay Did you like this example? Inferno is the first part of Dante Alighieris poem, Divine Comedy, which tells of a journey of Dante through hell, purgatory, and heaven guided by the ancient Roman poet Virgil. Inferno is about the experiences Dante faced on his journey of the soul towards God as he travels the nine circles of hell to reach heaven. In the poem, hell is depicted as the realm for those who have disobeyed the spiritual values for cruel and violent actions against fellow human beings. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Dante and Christian beliefs of the afterlife" essay for you Create order Through punishments, the poem serves an allegorical purpose and depicts how one suffers from committing such sins to redemption and eventually salvation. Allegory poems depict both the literal and symbolic meaning. Dante uses allegory in the poem and describes his struggles through the dark forest to salvation, and uses poetic justice in the form of contemporary, historical and mythological figures. The allegory used in the poem depicts the struggles a man goes through in his journey for redemption through Purgatorio and eventually to salvation through Paradiso. In Canto I, there are various Christian beliefs that demonstrate the consequences the humankind faces after committing sin. Dante describes how he finds himself confused in a dark forest as a result of his sins. The poem reads in the midway of this our mortal life; I found me in a gloomy wood, astray/Gone from the path direct. Dante was 35 years old when he wrote this poem, and he illustrates this by saying that midway through his life because most readings of the book of Psalms depict the life span of human kind to be 70 years old. He finds himself in a dark forest because he has gone astray from salvation and this is the punishment for doing so. The poem does not illustrate whether the forest is real or just another example of the allegorical and symbolic forest. Dante illustrates how confused he is because he has strayed from the right path of life and now the punishment is so harsh on him, that forest, how robust and rough its growth/ which to remember only my dismay/ renews, in bitterness not far from death. He regrets the life he has been living and now seeks redemption. Hope and faith are restored on him when he sees a mountain with light shining above it and hopes he can climb the mountain for redemption; he states in the poem that, I looked up and saw its shoulders brightened with the rays of that sun that leads men rightly on every road. However, as he tries to climb the mountain, he first sees a leopard leaping in front of him, but determined to climb the mountain, he continues trying, and then sees a lion coming on his path followed by a wolf, and, behold, almost at the start of the slope, a light, swift leopard with spotted coat. It would not turn from before my face, and so obstructed my path, that I often turned, in order to return. The three animals represent the three sins of violence and animosity, lack of self-control and finally, fraud and malice. These three animals make him turn around to the dark forest and stops climbing the mountain. Dante is saved by the Roman poet Virgil from this misery. In Canto II, Dante meets Virgil after losing hope and hopes that he will be his savior in his journey, and he states, Have pity on me, whoever you are, whether a man, in truth, or a shadow. Virgil explains how he has been sent by Beatrice, the girl that Dante loves and deems to be an angel from heaven, who represents divine love to come rescue him. Symbols of compassion (Virgin Mary), grace (Saint Lucia) and contemplative life (Rachel) are depicted in this Canto. Dante follows Virgil in the journey to the underworld. In Canto III, Dante passes through the gates of hell with a phrase that implies all hope should be abandoned forsake all hope, all you that enter here. Here, Dante meets the souls of those who never took sides in life but were only concerned with themselves. They are continually stung by wasps and hornets, and this symbolizes the sting of their guilty conscience from their sin. These people live miserable lives as they are cast out by Heaven and denied entry by Hell and Dante asks, Master, what is this I hear, and what race are these, that seem so overcome by suffering?. Dante and Virgil then meet Charon, the Hells boatman who transports the dead into the underworld, and is very hesitant to take the living into the underworld, Woe to you, wicked spirits! Never hope to see heaven: I come to carry you to the other shore, into eternal darkness, into fire and ice. And you, who are there, a living spirit, depart from those who are dead. Virgil guides Dante through the nine circles of Hell. The circles represent the wickedness of human beings on earth and how Satan is forever held in bondage of suffering. The sinners for each circle face punishments for their crime in what he refers to as poetic justice. The first circle is the limbo where Virgil resides and represents the people who are unbaptized and do not recognize the existence of Christ. These people represent that group that did not sin but rather refused the existence of Christ, they are the non-Christians adults and the unbaptized babies, they had no sin, yet, though they have worth, it is not sufficient, because they were not baptized, and baptism is the gateway to the faith that you believe in. They are punished by living in a deficient form of heaven for their ignorance of God, however, just like Noah, Moses, Abraham, David among others was saved from the limbo, they too can be saved. The second circle is the circle of lust, where those who are overcome by lust and sexual love are punished by the violent hellish storm that never stops. Lust in this circle led to the sins of adultery, and for cases such as Dido and Cleopatra, it led to a violent death. The third circle represents those who are swayed by voracious appetite and commit the crime of gluttony. They are punished by the constant icy rain which makes them grovel in the mad. The fourth circle represents the greedy people in society who are swayed by the material greed. They are punished by jousting heavy weights in their chests. Dante in his poem illustrates that, here, too, I saw a nation of lost souls/ far more than were above: they strained their chests against enormous weights, and with mad howls rolled them at one another. The fifth circle depicts the wrath faced by the wrathful and the sullen. The wrathful are forced to fight each eternally on the surface of the river while the sullen lay is gurgling under the river. Here, the poem allegorically reveals the punishment for sins that neither philosophy nor the nature of human kind can understand and it states in part, Now, son, see the souls of those overcome by anger, and also, I want you to know, in truth, there are people under the water, who sigh, and make it bubble on the surface, as your eye can see whichever way it turns. The sixth circle is for the heretics who claim that the soul died with the body and failed to believe in God and the afterlife and they are punished in the flaming tombs. They are locked in the burning tombs since they did not believe in Hell. The seventh circle is for violence, O blind desires, evil and foolish, which so goad us in our brief life, and then, in the eternal one, ruin us so bitterly, and it is divided into three sections. First, violence against neighbors that includes the war makers, murders and the tyrants and are punished by being immersed in a river of boiling blood and fire symbolizing the blood they took from their neighbors. The second section of this circle is the violence against self which includes people who committed suicide or even attempted to commit suicide, and they are punished by transforming their souls into gnarled thorny trees fed by birds or the Harpies that have women faces. The last section is for violence against God, art, and nature and includes the blasphemous and the sodomites where they are punished by the burning sand and hot flames falling from the sky. This symbolizes how those who go against the will of God never find peace and live in a very uncomfortable life. The eighth circle is that which punishes those who committed fraud and Dante describes it as the place in Hell. They include the flatterers, simonists, seducers, sorcerers corrupt politicians thieves, hypocrites, counselors of fraud, falsifiers among others and each of them were severely punished. Panderers and seducers are forced to march eternally in opposite directions just as they used seduction to force others to incline to their will. Flatterers who used their language to commit fraud are plunged in excrement, and he quotes one them saying, the flatteries, of which my tongue never wearied, have brought me down to this. Simonists represent the group that bribed for power in the Catholic Churches and are punished by being placed upside down in holes. The sorcerers and false prophets have their heads twisted so that they cannot see what is in front of them because of their false prophecies of the future. The corrupt politicians were placed in sticky pitches that represented their dirty and corrupt deals. The thieves are constantly attacked by lizards and snakes, and their human identity keeps undergoing various transformations and always subject to theft. The sowers of discord have their bodies torn apart as they divided people by their division among people while the fraudulent councilors are entrenched in their individual pyres. The falsifiers who consist of the impersonators and counterfeiters have their bodies and minds rotting in diseases. The last circle represents those who were punished for treachery. From the first circle Limbo to the last circle treachery, Dante documents the punishments of sinners from all walks of life, either as people in authority such as politicians to the very low class in society. These circles represent the seven deadly sins committed by human kind. The punishment depicted in these circles fits the sins committed, and the poem illustrates the realm of Satan and the Christian perception of sin. Through the use of allegory, contemporary, historical and mythological figures and poetic justice, Dante impacts hugely on the Christian beliefs of the afterlife and the live in hell. Through imagery of the poem, Dante depicts a very horrifying life one has to face for living a sinful life. The use of the first person narrator in the Inferno helps the reader associate with the struggles of a man in his journey for salvation and how it feels to go through the midlife crisis. Dantes Inferno also shows how the society views Satan as being inferior to God and how the decisions we make in life determine our fate in the afterlife, for instance, repentance and acknowledgement of God by following His will will guarantee us salvation in the afterlife while the sinful life we lead will lead us straight to the wrath of hell. Dante also goes into detail by differentiating the levels of sin by illustrating the different types of punishment described in each circle for the different sins committed . The poem describes the fundamental religious beliefs the society today deals with and the concept of punishment. Hope for salvation is displayed by the fact that Dante sees the light at the end of his journey and understands his own heart and what it takes to be saved from the sinful life.

Tuesday, December 17, 2019

Civil Disobedience, By David Thoreau And A Letter From...

In Civil Disobedience By David Thoreau, and A Letter From Birmingham Jail by Martin Luther King have similar ideas of civil disobedience, but their actions of disobedience are different. Thoreau s idea is specifically for every citizen in the US who s obligated from their conscious morality to withdraw their support from a government whose legal policies are immoral or unjust. In contrast King urges victims and individuals to dis honor laws that are unjust and made to divide and keep a hold of black communities from having equal resources and treatment as white people. Both authors are trying to encourage the citizens to address and halt a sovereign majority creating unnatural laws that divides everyone into minority subjects. Kings main argument for disobedience in more compelling because its brings a whole entire group of people into the picture than one individual. Unjust laws and just laws are not defined with federal laws and regulations that many people have in mind. A just law is a universal and natural law that is unchanging and is rooted to bring up the right actions of man kind. An example of a universal law would be the ten commandments, that was given to Moses by God for humanity to be righteous and maintain every human moral. An unjust law is not rooted in eternal or natural law, and is out of harmony which divides and separates individuals from unity. An example of an unjust law would be slavery in America in the late 1800s, which destroyed andShow MoreRelatedCivil Disobedience, by Henry David Thoreau and Letter From Birmingham Jail, by Martin Luther King Jr.909 Words   |  4 Pages The essays, Civil Disobedience, by Henry David Thoreau, and Letter from a Birmingham Jail, by Martin Luther King, Jr., incorporate the authors’ opinions of justice. Each author efficiently shows their main point; Thoreau deals with justice as it relates to government, he asks for,†not at one no government, but at once a better government.†(Paragraph 3). King believed,† injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere. (Paragraph 4). Each essay shows a valid argument for justice, but KingsRead MoreComparative Essay on Henry David Thoreau in Civil Disobedience and Martin Luther King in Letter from Birmingham Jail820 Words   |  4 PagesHenry David Thoreau and Martin Luther King, in Civil Disobedience and Letter from Birmingham Jail, respectively, both conjure a definitive argument on the rights of insubordination during specified epochs of societal injustice. Thoreau, in his enduring contemplation of life and its purpose, insightfully analyzes the conflic ting relationship between the government and the people it governs. He considerately evokes the notion that the majority of people are restrained by the government and societyRead More Comparing Civil Disobedience by Henry David Thoreau and Martin Luther Kings Letter from Birmingham Jail 729 Words   |  3 Pagesquot; Thomas JeffersonThoreau, a transcendentalist from the mid 19th century and Martin Luther King Jr., the Civil Rights movement leader of a century later both believed the necessity of medicine for government. Although they showed disagreement of opinion on issues regarding voting, both writers agreed on the necessity to reform the government and the means of accomplishing it. In Kings Letter from Birmingham Jail and Thoreaus Civil Disobedience, both agreed on injustice of majority to rule overRead More Henry Thoreau’s Influence on Martin Luther King Jr. Essay898 Words   |  4 PagesHenry Thoreau’s Influence on Martin Luther King Jr. Henry David Thoreau was a great American writer, philosopher, and naturalist of the 1800’s who’s writings have influenced many famous leaders in the 20th century, as well as in his own lifetime. Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts in 1817, where he was later educated at Harvard University. Thoreau was a transcendentalist writer, which means that he believed that intuition and the individual conscience â€Å"transcend† experienceRead MoreCompare And Contrast Martin Luther King And Thoreau Civil Disobedience1497 Words   |  6 PagesWhen It’s OK to Disobey Martin Luther King Jr.’s â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† and Henry David Thoreau’s â€Å"Civil Disobedience† collectively persuade their audiences to disobey authority when it concerns social injustice. King takes a more assertive yet respectful approach, and makes it a point to explicate the intolerable treatment that the black community had to endure under the encroachment of segregation laws. In addition, Thoreau expounds why it is so important for citizens to object and takeRead MoreDevelopment of Transcendentalism901 Words   |  4 Pageswhile philosophies of civil dispute and nonviolence may seem like a well-accepted idea today, many who fought for this type of negotiation were often considered radical for their introduction of it to society. Among those transcendentalists was Henry David Thoreau, who wrote â€Å"Civil Disobedience†, Mohandas Gandhi, who wrote â€Å"Satyagraha†, and Martin Luther King Jr., who wrote â€Å"Letters f rom Birmingham Jail†. Henry David Thoreau used the theory of transcendentalism in â€Å"Civil Disobedience.† These three transcendentalistsRead MoreCivil Disobedience and Birmingham Campaign993 Words   |  4 PagesCivil Disobedience and Birmingham Campaign Henry David Thoreau and Martin Luther king Jr. fundamentally altered the American tradition of protest and reform. Both of them shared the same idea, but viewed them differently. Dr. King wanted to ultimately raise awareness and open doors for groups while Thoreau wanted more individual rights for people. The Birmingham campaign was a movement organized by King Martin Luther in the spring of 1963 to bring attention to the integration efforts of AfricanRead MoreAnalysis Of Henry David Thoreau s Letter From Birmingham Jail951 Words   |  4 Pagesconfrontations and have practiced freedom of speech rights for justice. In the two articles, â€Å"Civil Disobedience† by Henry David Thoreau, and â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† by Martin Luther King, Jr.; both speakers focused on challenging social and political complications for the better of the future, country, and the government. â€Å"Civil Disobedience† by Thoreau, Henry David follows the author detaching himself from the government due to it favoring the majority based on the powers the certain group possessesRead MoreComparisons On The Advocacies Of Henry Thoreau vs Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.941 Words   |  4 PagesThere is a higher law than civil law- the law of conscience- and that when these laws are in conflict, it is a citizens duty to obey the voice of God within rather than that of the civil authority without, (Harding 207). As Harding described in his brief explanation of Henry David Thoreaus Civil Disobedience, there are some instances in which it is necessary to disobey a social law. Martin Luther King, Jr., in addition to Thoreau, reasoned that should a civil law be judged unjust, one had a moralRead MoreLetter From Birmingham Jail Rhetorical Analysis961 Words   |  4 Pages1. In his letter from Birmingham jail, Martin Luther King Jr., a civil right activist a Baptist Minister and the creator of â€Å"In Letter from Birmingham jail.† King uses concepts of logos, pathos, and ethos to convey his points. Racial tension was high during Martin Luther King’s time, and he was the voice of the black community. He articulated his words carefully and had use methods of civil disobedience to convey his point. One of the first appeals he makes in his letter is from a lo gos perspective

Monday, December 9, 2019

Corporate Governance & Ethics Whistleblower Policy

Question: Discuss about theCorporate Governance Ethics for Whistleblower Policy. Answer: Introduction: In this report we are discussing Australian Shareholders Association (ASA) their main mission and vision. We are also discussing why all Australian companies have report to ASA. In the next part of the report we are explaining the meaning whistle blower and their characteristics. We are also discussing Example of both good and bad outcomes in real time cases. ASAs and its Main Mission and Dream Australian Shareholders Association (ASA) is an autonomous, funded by members not-for-profitassociation. It has grown-up as a main autonomous body on behalf of retail investors (Australian Shareholders' Association, 2016). The main mission and dream of ASA is to Standing up for the stakeholders .After being set up in 1960 ASA protects and advance the interests of investors and give a powerful communal voice to its shareholders. ASA do this by advancing the interests of retailshareholderswith administration, business, and markets . ASA monitors the corporations and its goal is to advance their financial presentation and corporate supremacy. Corporate governance is effectively raised by ASA in Australian companies. And it continues for betterment in clearness and answerability. On Yearly bases ASA monitors the presentation of main 200 Australian listed entities. The aim behind company monitoring is to absolutely influence results for its retail shareholders. The main aim of ASA is to treat all the stakeholders evenly and advocates for alteration where it is needed. ASA assist its members to get better their asset information and monetary literacy with free member meetings, conversation groups and cost-effective teaching across Australia and it includes local area among them. By giving independent research, governance data and its well-priced education programs ASA assists its members to expand their sensible skills to get better their investing information (Australian Shareholders' Association, 2016). The main vision of ASA is to improve corporate governance engaging shareholders and improve investment knowledge for investors. A whistler blower can be a member of staff or an ex-employee of a corporation who have proof of deceitfulness and immoral behavior in the organization that is not in the best interests of the public. They generally disclose classified information in their place of work to others, which violates the rule or even endangers the wellbeing of the workers (Dugger .A, 2016). The main characteristics of whistleblower is that he absolutely have faith that bad behavior occurred, he believes that the bad behavior is serious and unpleasant, and he works in the organization about which he makes the report. Frequently, whistleblowers are also careful evidence keepers. The essential feature of a whistleblower is that the individual may fear reprisal from his boss. Still if any individual is reporting misconduct in other corporation, he suffers for the reporting by facing complexity in getting prospect service in the industry (Meredith Melnick, (2016). We can take many examples when whistleblowers are retrenched or punished for their brave attitude because they disclose the matter in community interest. In the present case, Benjamin Koh claim that doctors are pressurized to alter the medical information, patients' records are deleted and claims late it is a division of their plan to stay away from policy pay-outs. Koh misplaced from his position for breaking CBAs IT policy connecting to taking customer records at house. At this phase it comes into view that his proceedings have been vindicated given that CBA Ian Narev has apologize for what happened.CBA does not have a entirely negative data when it comes to whistleblowers. Chanticleer can reveal that the allegations against two employees from the CBA's IT division for corporate bribery resulted from the actions of a whistleblower. The person still works at the bank but he would favor to stay nameless. The person is examining credit card records when unusual payments were found. It led to examine his bank financial records (Boyd.T, 2016). A committee is set up by the government and it recommends to the administration to enlarge the definition of a whistleblower and it comprise corporation former workers, monetary services providers, accountants and auditors, unpaid personnel and industry partners. Committee recommends the administration to get bigger its range of information secluded by the whistleblower protections. And to cover any misconduct that ASIC may examine and give that ASIC cannot be required to produce a file enlightening a whistleblower's individuality unless an order is passed by the court. It is also told by them that business whistleblower structure is efficient so that unidentified disclosure are secluded and the obligation that a whistleblower must be acting in high-quality confidence in reveling the data is detached. The revelation is based on a truthful faith, on rational basis. The committee also suggested it is a criminal offence to intimidate to take retaliation towards the whistleblower (Australian securities and investment commission, 2016). Conclusion In this report we have discussed (ASA), and its main mission and vision. We are Definining whistle blower and their characteristics .Example of both good and bad outcomes of real time cases. References Australian Shareholders' Association, (2016), ASA, Accessed on 8th September 2016 from https://www.australianshareholders.com.au/ Australian Shareholders' Association, (2016), our strategy, accessed on 8th September 2016 from https://www.australianshareholders.com.au/our-strategy Australian Shareholders' Association, (2016), Membership benefits, accessed on 8th September 2016 from https://www.australianshareholders.com.au/membership-benefits Meredith Melnick, (2016), What Motivates A Whistleblower? Accessed on 8th September 2016 from https://www.huffingtonpost.in/entry/psychology-whistleblower_n_5889630 Dugger .A (2016), what is the Whistleblower Act? - Definition, Rights Protection accessed on 8th September 2016 from https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-the-whistleblower-act-definition-rights-protection.html Boyd.T, (2016), ASIC backs project aimed at encouraging corporate whistleblowers, accessed on 8th September 2016 from https://www.afr.com/brand/chanticleer/asic-backs-project-aimed-at-encouraging-corporate-whistleblowers-20160414-go6jhv Parliament of Australia, Department of Parliamentary Services, (2005), Whistle blowing in Australia transparency, accountability but above all, the truth, accessed on 8th September 2016 from https://www.aph.gov.au/binaries/library/pubs/rn/2004-05/05rn31.pdf Australian securities and investment commission (2016), Guidance for whistleblowers, accessed on 8th September 2016 from https://asic.gov.au/about-asic/asic-investigations-and-enforcement/whistleblowing/guidance-for-whistleblowers/#AmIawhistleblower

Monday, December 2, 2019

Why Study Pop Music Essay Example For Students

Why Study Pop Music Essay Pop culture used to be all the stuff you had to wait for after school to enjoy. But these days, pop culture is just as likely to be the stuff you study in school . In 1986 Michael Hannan establish a contemporary Popular Music program at Southern Cross University a trained classical pianist and musicologist he had previously worked in rock bands and for AC/DCs publisher. Hannan recounts how in 2000 at least 8 of the 37 universities in Australia are now offering degrees servicing aspects of the Popular Music, where as in 1985 there were none. In institutions that have traditionally focused on classical music, there may be a realisation that a broader market of students needs to be targeted in order for them to survive in an era of declining public support for the arts . Hannan asks What are the reasons for this mini-revolution in music training in universities? and it is this is the question I hope to debate in this essay. Hannan proposes that, music training has been traditionally limited to middle class students with a classical music background, most of whom qualify for university entry on the basis of the privately-funded individual music, not from the practical music experiences they have received in a public education system . This point is further reinforced by culture theorist Henry Giroux Of course, education has always been a product of privilege,In that way, pop culture is much more available and accepted than the formal knowledge. We will write a custom essay on Why Study Pop Music specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Hannans significantly focuses on the rapid rise of Popular Music as a serious educational topic while demonstrating a shift in traditional class values that influence what or how things are taught in education systems. This change in attitude does not however alter one specific fact, Most young people contemplating university music study, whether classical or popular, wish to do so because their cultural identity is bound up with music making . In the terms of Popular Culture this affinity with music is even starker as the nature modern life and the volume of accessible media dictates that this exposure is, in essence is everywhere, Students come into college now having been immersed in pop culture since they were born. Its what they know its practically what they breathe. Simon Firth reiterates this in a musical context declaring, the sheer loudness of contemporary Popular Music as it competes with noise in our soundscape. Traditionally pop music was and is still seen as a product for the lower classes; not worthy of social status, let alone study and is frequently referred to as being Normative. In opposition Classical music is then deemed intellectual, high brow, elitist and the fodder for the upper classes, with Popular Music referred to in the terms of the Negative of Classical i. e. what Classical is not! There is some evidence that this trend is however changing, Many people talk as if classical music is in its essence an art and pop music in its essence, nothing but music created to make money. Neither of these statements is completely true, plenty of classical music has been commercial and plenty of pop has been created with no regard for money. Can we prove this seed shift in musical academia is not only happening with regards to established music studies but also in Cultural Social areas. In a 1997 review of Neil Nehrings book Popular Music, Gender, and Postmodernism Chris Foran wrote Rock music is at its heart a music of passion, spontaneity, fire. So why is it that many academics and music journalists dismiss the political and social value of emotion in Popular Music? . I would argue that Foran is wrong in that assumption? In that same year a Stamford University Online Report titled Rock Roll: Does it Influence Teens Behaviour? used the book Its Not Only Rock Roll as its reference point. .u4ff8bd09144e986939faabf205c28031 , .u4ff8bd09144e986939faabf205c28031 .postImageUrl , .u4ff8bd09144e986939faabf205c28031 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4ff8bd09144e986939faabf205c28031 , .u4ff8bd09144e986939faabf205c28031:hover , .u4ff8bd09144e986939faabf205c28031:visited , .u4ff8bd09144e986939faabf205c28031:active { border:0!important; } .u4ff8bd09144e986939faabf205c28031 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4ff8bd09144e986939faabf205c28031 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4ff8bd09144e986939faabf205c28031:active , .u4ff8bd09144e986939faabf205c28031:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4ff8bd09144e986939faabf205c28031 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4ff8bd09144e986939faabf205c28031 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4ff8bd09144e986939faabf205c28031 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4ff8bd09144e986939faabf205c28031 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4ff8bd09144e986939faabf205c28031:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4ff8bd09144e986939faabf205c28031 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4ff8bd09144e986939faabf205c28031 .u4ff8bd09144e986939faabf205c28031-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4ff8bd09144e986939faabf205c28031:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Australian Rugby League EssayThe book in question draws its raw material from a senate report, which was concerned about the influences of pop music, efforts to censor it and is later quoted as offering some comfort to parents and others who are worried about graphic sex, morbid violence, overt racism and challenges to authority in Popular Music lyrics and videos. The report was raised after public concern about the relationship Popular Music in the form of gangsta rap, explicit videos and death rock etc was having on American youth culture. This example confirms that the senate believed there is a valid need to understand Popular Music and that potentially this music may have a direct impact on the morals of society. Roberts links Popular Music with child development stating, Because childrens biological and social development rates are so variable, the authors suggest that perhaps the easiest way to tell if a particular child has reached adolescence is to notice whether he or she has developed a passion for Popular Music. So why does Popular Music have such a direct and threatening impact on society and what fuels this fear; the cause I would reason is consumption? According to IFPI figures this years world-wide record industry sales exceed 36 billion dollars, with the UK coming in at 1. 170m and five major record companies holding the power base, Sony, BMI, Warner/AOL Universal and EMI. This represents a major and powerful cultural industry who in league with media companies are capable of directing and forming musical taste and consumption on a global level. By nature any industry of this magnitude will require professionals at all levels that have a vocational qualifications or formal education in that sphere. More regularly we are finding that record companies are in alliance with educational establishments and therefore it can be rationally argued that their business needs, will directly or indirectly effect curriculum topics? Popular Music is part of the larger social context where traditions of culture, class, race, and gender, technology, and profit have now been overlaid with recently consolidated processes of modern mass-marketing and consumption. Having provided some background to the climate surrounding musical education, where does this leave the student and what type of scholar may you find considering Popular Music? My belief is that the reasons for studying this topic are diverse, complex and most of all compelling but some possible reasons are as follows: Musicologists People who wish to study how music is formed through elitist, textual or personal motivators, which may lead to conflicts, which can in turn stimulate modernistic ideas. i. e. apart from Opera classical music is almost exclusively instrumental or melody based, while a great deal of Popular Music is rhythm or narrative driven. I went around the room, and asked each student why he or she was taking the course. One student made a provocative comment that pop music was attractive for its rhythm, and that classical music also had strong rhythm, but that people were discouraged from expressing it. Music Industry Students who see the rewards and career prospects offered by a major industry who wish to take up vocational careers in the music business such as musicians, managers, technicians, journalists or varied support roles. Managers, particularly good managers, groom and train their bands or solo artists in a structured and purposeful way. Record companies (such as the classic case of Motown in the 1960s) often take this a stage further by employing specialised trainers for the skills and personal attributes relevant to particular genres of musical entertainment. Cultural or Social Studies Pupils who wish to study the impact of Popular Music on modern culture or society using issues such as history, economics, social awareness, politics, ideology, psychology, aesthetics or globalisation. .u055373e9da939f53ea2560937b754e37 , .u055373e9da939f53ea2560937b754e37 .postImageUrl , .u055373e9da939f53ea2560937b754e37 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u055373e9da939f53ea2560937b754e37 , .u055373e9da939f53ea2560937b754e37:hover , .u055373e9da939f53ea2560937b754e37:visited , .u055373e9da939f53ea2560937b754e37:active { border:0!important; } .u055373e9da939f53ea2560937b754e37 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u055373e9da939f53ea2560937b754e37 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u055373e9da939f53ea2560937b754e37:active , .u055373e9da939f53ea2560937b754e37:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u055373e9da939f53ea2560937b754e37 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u055373e9da939f53ea2560937b754e37 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u055373e9da939f53ea2560937b754e37 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u055373e9da939f53ea2560937b754e37 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u055373e9da939f53ea2560937b754e37:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u055373e9da939f53ea2560937b754e37 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u055373e9da939f53ea2560937b754e37 .u055373e9da939f53ea2560937b754e37-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u055373e9da939f53ea2560937b754e37:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Raving EssayFrench theories, such as semiotics and post-structuralism, have inspired a greater interest in explicit or recorded culture. These theories are concerned with the ways in which texts can shape human behaviour and can be used as a source of power by elitists. Music Lovers Cradled over the smooth wooden curves, fingertips on steel, eyes closed. Listening. It might be a groove it might be, a particularly sweet chord, an intriguing phrase, maybe a little twist of melody that just has something. The song writer latches on to it, tries to understand its implications. What does it feel like? Where does it want to go? What sort of song may grow from this tiny fragile seed? On college campuses nation-wide, pop culture is a hot academic topic. More than one million students will take a course with a pop culture theme in 2001, according to the Popular Culture Association of America. Meanwhile, on the latest generation of TV quiz shows (the closest television gets to academia), contestants are more likely to be grilled on sitcom stars and jingles than on science and history.

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Positive and negative imacts on environment Essay Example

Positive and negative imacts on environment Essay Example Positive and negative imacts on environment Paper Positive and negative imacts on environment Paper Humans are the cause for many problems on the environment, right? Actually, humans cause many positive effects in nature. The human race may have had many negative impacts on the environment, however we have also made an equal number of positive impacts. We have not yet made our environment the best it can be, but we are working hard to fix the problems. There is much more that can be done. The human race can be blamed for destroying our environment by doing things such as leaving trash on the beaches and polluting the air with car exhaust. By building on and near beaches, humans are destroying the nesting grounds for sea turtles, birds, and other beach plants. We also tend to fish too much. While fishing, some people become very careless and sometimes destroy coral reefs that grow on the ocean floor. Humans will do anything to protect the beach, such as, building concrete barriers to prevent erosion. All these impacts we make on our environment are slowly turning into positive ones, because of the steps we have begun to take to fix them. If we are trying to fix them our hillier will see the great effects we are making on the environment and want to follow our example. Humans have learned to increase the amount of crop yields to feed the hungry. In doing this we can have healthier humans that want to help get the environment back on track. Along with this idea we are also trying to use natural resources instead of harsh chemicals, which in turn will create a positive impact on the environment. The fewer chemicals we put into the environment the less chance we have of destroying our ozone are. Also there will be less off chance of contaminating our water, as well. Could having more crop fields be a positive effect on the environment? In many ways it can have a positive effect on the environment, but in some other ways it can also harm it. It can help the environment by giving the insects and animals more food to survive. The more animals that survive the better the environment will be. Without the existence of animals there would be no environment for humans. In many ways this cant help the environment, one of these ways is because we humans want to try to keep the animals away from the crops. Why? They want more food. To do this we will have to use more chemicals. The more chemicals we use, the more negative impacts we put on the environment, rather than positive effects. In almost all situations, all we have to do is choose whether or not we want to make a positive impact or negative impact on the environment. Just remember when you make positive choices you will always get positive results back. Positive and negative impacts on environment.

Saturday, November 23, 2019

Diffusion Confusion

Diffusion Confusion Diffusion Confusion Diffusion Confusion By Maeve Maddox The Latin verb diffundere, â€Å"to pour in different directions,† gives us the noun diffusion, the verb diffuse, and the adjective diffuse. The noun and the adjective present few difficulties, but the verb is often used ambiguously or incorrectly. Note: The si in diffusion represents the zh sound. The adjective is pronounced with a soft s sound; the verb is pronounced with a hard s sound: diffusion noun /di-FJU-zhn/ diffuse adjective /di-FJUS/ diffuse verb /di-FJUZ/ The noun diffusion refers to the action of spreading or dispersing something. In the context of physics, diffusion is â€Å"the permeation of a gas or liquid between the molecules of another fluid placed in contact with it.† Photographers and painters use the word diffusion to refer to â€Å"the process of slightly scattering a portion of the image-forming light to give a pleasing artistic softness to a photograph [or painting].† Figuratively, diffusion refers to the spreading or scattering of people, customs, or knowledge: In his Researches into the Early History he  ascribes the  curious custom of couvade  to diffusion, an interpretation that few modern ethnologists would countenance. Carnegie donated $300,000 to build Washington, D.C.s oldest library. The building was dedicated to the diffusion of knowledge. The adjective diffuse means â€Å"spreading out.† A tree, for example, might have â€Å"diffuse branches.† A â€Å"diffuse writing style† is wordy. An artist paints a picture in which the light is â€Å"diffuse and ethereal.† A population that is not concentrated in one area, but scattered over a region, is diffuse: Variation in state laws is related to whether the gay and lesbian population is concentrated (where laws permit inequality) or  diffuse  (where laws promote equality).- The Washington Post. Like the other words derived from diffundere, the verb diffuse conveys the sense of â€Å"scattering or spreading abroad†: The Japanese  intended to diffuse  Japanese language and culture throughout the archipelago. Efforts have been made  to diffuse Christianity  throughout the world.   When an artist diffuses the light in a painting, the particles of paint that represent light are spread out, producing a softened effect. Perhaps it is this use of diffuse that causes some speakers to use diffuse as if it means â€Å"to soften† or â€Å"to make less tense.† For example: While there have been signs that China’s leadership is taking some initiatives intended to diffuse the situation, there are no indications whatsoever that the present tough policy on Tibet will mellow.- Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies. Or, the writer of the above example may have confused the words diffuse and defuse. Literally, the verb defuse means â€Å"to remove the fuse from an explosive device.† Taking the fuse out of a bomb makes it totally ineffective. Figuratively, defuse means â€Å"to make a situation less tense† or â€Å"to make something ineffective.† If the intended meaning is â€Å"make less tense† or â€Å"forestall,† ambiguity may be avoided by choosing defuse or some word other than diffuse to express it. Here are some options: ease calm soothe mitigate palliate moderate reduce lighten Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to Capitalize Animal and Plant NamesHow Long Should a Paragraph Be?6 Foreign Expressions You Should Know

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Explain how self-creation, social status, and the idea of success Essay

Explain how self-creation, social status, and the idea of success inform the major theme of Winter Dreams by F. Scott Fitzgerald - Essay Example His desire and aspiration to come out of the shell of a middle class individual in order to become rich and wealthy is one of the most important aspects of the story, which is propelled by his association with the rich and famous golf players such as Mortimer Jones. The meandering relationship of Dexter with Judy, the daughter of Mortimer Jones depicts an intriguing portrait of his character, as well. The intention of Dexter to quit his job as a caddy and his vociferous ambition propels him to reach the pinnacle of life. Fitzgerald’s use of such phrases as â€Å"second-best grocery store† corresponds with Dexter’s hankering for a certain status in the society which is achieved when he becomes a partner in a laundry. As a matter of fact, his longing for status led him to leave the state school and joining the university even though he was pressed for money. The author of this story has carefully weaved his protagonist, Dexter by providing different shades to his imagination and his urge to change his social status by wrapping it with success. However, amidst different incidents in the story particularly the failure of Dexter to marry Irene proves his infidelity towards her; at the same time, he could not satisfy Judy Jones though Fitzgerald has also mentioned the depth of his feelings for Judy: â€Å"It did not take him many hours to decide that he had wanted Judy Jones ever since he was a proud, desirous little boy† (p.7). The story of Winter Dreams describes the ways adopted by people for attaining success which eventually emerge as the most significant reason for unhappiness. The title of the story justifies the dreams of Dexter that are nourished during the most quiescent and inarticulate season of the year that casts a dark shadow in his life when he attains everything except fulfillment. Thus, the story of his success and the attainment of social status reveal

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Body image Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Body image - Essay Example Joseph’s Turrow’s article entitled Targeting a New World shows how firms use target marketing in order to reach their markets and propagate their message. On the other hand, the detrimental effects of the marketing in people’s mind are shown in Dan Cook’s Lunchbox. Hegemony. These two articles reflect how marketers shape the body image of customers through the use of advertising and how advertising leads to the deterioration of our self-worth. Joseph Turrow describes how marketers are diverting their efforts from mass marketing to target marketing where specific advertising messages are geared to capture a specific audience. This is done by tailoring a program which is suited only for the target market while signaling the wrong people to go away. Target advertising, which aims to separate individuals in different media communities, equates the purchasing power of customers to their self worth. It can be seen that in this type of community, only those who can pay will be provided for while those who cannot afford to pay will be treated as outcasts. The separation of communities according to their lifestyle will also encourage individuals to discriminate those who do not belong to same media community. This individual will perceive that his â€Å"lifestyle† is superior while other people are inferior, hampering the possibility of knowing other people outside their circles. According to Turrow, â€Å"It will allow individuals in their personally constructed worlds, separated from the people and issues the y don’t care about or don’t want to be bothered with† (18). This separation also erodes mutual dependence and appreciation of other people. Lunchbox Hegemony proves how marketers have succeeded in promoting a consumer culture among the children. This article shows how targeted marketing as described by Turrow really works. Cook acknowledged how

Sunday, November 17, 2019

The Industry Averages and Financial Ratios Essay Example for Free

The Industry Averages and Financial Ratios Essay In today’s market business really look at what the others in their competitive market are doing to compare how they are doing as a business or corporation. They do this by evaluating the industry averages and the financial ratios. When corporations and financial advisors look at the industry average and the ratios it helps them identify the industry strengths, weaknesses and the overall health of the financial standings of the organization. The automotive and transportation industry with a focus on General Motors (SIC:37110000) is what our group as chosen to examine for our comparison. General Motors was started in 1908 by William Durant by the combination of over 17 independent companies in to one general company, thus eliminating his competitors of the industry. This increased the overall average of the industry and increased the company’s financial health. That was then, now General Motors in number 3 in the market as it shows in Bloomberg Business week graph. The purpose of comparing the rate of General Motors and the Industry is to rate their performance in solvency, profitability and efficiency. General Motors ratio improved in profitability from 2011 to 2012 and 2012 to 2013 the assets and liabilities ratio was 1.31 that means in profit earned relatively to sales and total assets. In the Industry that means GM did pretty well in assets and sales compared to the Industry. In solvency the ratio was 13.19, it has more than 202,000 employees supporting the companies’ production and distribution. In efficiency it total a ratio of 9.00 in 2012 to 9.70 in 2013 which they did better in quality, receivables and efficiency of assets control compared to the industry. General Motors has a reasonable balance on overall performance. It has a higher payables  compared to the industry but lower receivables 16.9 to 6.9 , that indicates that theres a higher cash coming in and less cash going out. In 2011 GM Company achieved staggering turnover of 150.3 billion US. Dollar and net income of 7.6 billion compared to the industry. Below our group as compared the ratios with the industry as a whole and the company General Motors to see where and how the company is doing within the industry. References Bloomberg Businessweek. General Motors Co (GM:New York) (Dec.22, 2014). Retrieved from http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/financials/ratios.asp?ticker=GM Dan Bradstreet Key Business Ratios. (2014). 3711 Motor Vehicle and Car Bodies. Retrieved from Dan Bradstreet Key Business Ratios, FIN370 website. General Motors Co. (2014). Market Watch. Retrieved from http://www.marketwatch.com/investing/stock/gm/financials/balance-sheet Magloff, David. General Motors Co. Growth, Profitability, and Financial Ratios for (GM) from Morningstar.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Dec. 2014

Thursday, November 14, 2019

Carlo Ginzburgs Night Battles vs. Keith Tomas Religion and the Declin

Carlo Ginzburg's Night Battles vs. Keith Thomas' Religion and the Decline of Magic Carlo Ginzburg’s Night Battles depicts the relationships that existed concerning magic and the use of witchcraft as they where believed by both the popular and the elite concerning the benandanti in the Italian area of Friuli. Keith Thomas’ Religion and the Decline of Magic does a similar thing except his subject area is in the whole of England and includes more information and examples of the beliefs and practices of the English. Both the English account and the account of the Friuli benandanti have several similarities that exist between the two as well as some distinct differences. The differences between the two groups are shown by the way the common and elite treat the situation and the way that the two separate situations changed over time both sharing some characteristics while having other characteristics being different the same in the two areas. In England the role of magic was not one that encompassed the devil or evil in the mind of the popular belief. Magic, on the other contrary, is used properly and for positive purposes could be a good thing. People would tell that they had or wanted to visit a cunning man, someone that uses magic to find lost objects, in order to find out certain information or to reveal who had stolen from them. This practice was not frowned upon by popular opinion. This acceptance of the proclamation of the use of a cunning man shows the public acceptance of magic if used in the right form; as well as the popular opinion that a cunning man was not someone to be feared or despised.1 On the contrary, the cunning man was someone who could help you through magical means in order that you might... ...he desire of the elite to hunt witches and the court system set up that will benefit witch-hunting. These two separate places have two different kinds of magic that are treated in two separate ways by the elite and popular people of the area. 1. Keith Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic (New York: Oxford University Press, 1971), 221. 2. Thomas, 505. 3. Thomas, 516. 4. Thomas, 437. 5. Carlo Ginzburg, The Night Battles (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1966), 1. 6. Ginzburg, 69-70. 7. Thomas, 226. 8. Thomas, 200. 9. Ginzburg, 71. 10. Ginzburg, 72. 11. Thomas, 453. 12. Ginzburg, 100-101. 13. Ginzburg, 81. Bibliography Ginzburg, Carlo. The Night Battles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1966. Thomas, Keith. Religion and the Decline of Magic. New York: Oxford University Press, 1971.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Health and Social Unit Essay

The life expectancy throughout England is 78. 6 years for men and 82. 6 years for women, In Sunderland the life expectancy is lower, the male average life expectancy is 76. 3 years while the females is 80. 6. There are many things that can cause this. In Sunderland there are many different industrial jobs, These jobs can cause many different illnesses that can shorten people’s lives e. g. respiratory illnesses. The factories can cause pollution which can also cause many illnesses. Many of the older generation have worked in the mines and on the ship yards which again can cause various illnesses which can shorten lives. Sunbeds are a big problem, they can cause skin cancers and disorders which can affect the average length of someone’s life. Many girls between the ages of 16-40 use sunbeds on a weekly basis. Which will create more of a chance of cancers and skin disorders. Sunderland is a poorer part of the country, Which means that the majority of the houses tend to be old and outdated. Many houses in the poorer areas of Sunderland will be damp, which is bad for your chest. Other problems within Sunderland which can lower life expectancy, Such as healthy eating. Sunderland has very low rates for healthy eating, which means that many people with be obese, this will cause heart failure. Many people associate poor health with social class, Sunderland is a working class city which means Sunderland will have poorer health because of this, There will be less money for health care which means that many people will have to wait for the medical help they need. There will be poorer health care and less specialist within Sunderland because it is a poorer city, the lack of funds will mean that less people will be able to get the care they need which will result if poor health. The main reason Sunderland has poor health rates is because of the binge drinking and smoking. In Sunderland there is high rate for underage drinking and smoking, this will lower the average life expectancy within Sunderland. People of all ages binge drink within Sunderland, there are many alcohol related death within Sunderland, Whether it is because of organ failures or drunk driving. In conclusion I believe that the main reason for Sunderland having a poor life expectancy is because of the lack of money. If there was more money within Sunderland, they maybe able to fix the houses.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Britannia Biscuit Research Paper Essay

Britannia -the ‘biscuit’ leader with a history-has withstood the tests of time. Part of the reason for its success has been its ability to resonate with the changes in consumer needs-needs that have varied significantly across its 100+ year epoch. With consumer democracy reaching new levels, the one common thread to emerge in recent times has been the shift in lifestyles and a corresponding awareness of health. People are increasingly becoming conscious of dietary care and its correlation to wellness and matching the new pace to their lives with improved nutritional and dietary habits. This new awareness has seen consumers seeking foods that complement their lifestyles while offering convenience, variety and economy, over and above health and nutrition. Britannia saw the writing on the wall. Its â€Å"Swasth Khao Tan Man Jagao† (Eat Healthy, Think Better) re-position directly addressed this new trend by promising the new generation a healthy and nutritious alternative – that was also delightful and tasty. Thus, the new logo was born, encapsulating the core essence of Britannia – healthy, nutritious, and optimistic and combining it with a delightful product range to offer variety and choice to consumers. INTRODUCTION TO THE INDUSTRY BISCUIT INDUSTRY IN INDIA – AN OVERVIEW âž ¢ Biscuit industry in India in the organized sector produces around 60% of the total production, the balance 40% being contributed by the unorganized bakeries. The industry consists of two large scale manufacturers, around 50 medium scale brands and small scale units ranging up to 2500 units in the country, as at 2000-01. The unorganized sector is estimated to have approximately 30,000 small & tiny bakeries across the country. âž ¢ The annual turnover of the organized sector of the biscuit manufacturers (as at 2001-02) is Rs. 4,350 crores. âž ¢ In terms of volume biscuit production by the organized segment in 2001-02 is estimated at 1.30 million tonnes. The major Brands of biscuits are – Britannia, Parle Bakeman, Priya Gold,Elite,Cremica, Dukes, Anupam, Horlicks, Craze, Nezone, besides various regional/State brands. âž ¢ Biscuit industry which was till then reserved in the SSI Sector, was unreserved in 1997-98, in accordance with the Govt. Policy, based on the recommendations of the Abid Hussain Committee. âž ¢ The annual production of biscuit in the organized sector, continues to be predominantly in the small and medium sale sector before and after de-reservation. The annual production was around 7.4 Lakh tonnes in 1997-98 in the next five years, biscuit production witnessed an annual growth of 10% to 12%, up to 1999-00. âž ¢ The annual Growth showed a decline of 3.5% in 2000-01, mainly due to 100% hike in Central Excise Duty (from 9% to 16%). Production in the year 2001-02 increased very marginally by 2.75% where in 2002-03 the growth is around 3%. âž ¢ The Union Budget for 2003-04 granted 50% reduction in the rate of Excise Duty on Biscuit i.e. from 16% to 8%. The Federation’s estimate for the current year indicates a growth of approximately 8% to 9%. âž ¢ However the average utilization of installed capacity by biscuit manufacturers in the country has been a dismal 60% over the last decade up to 2001-02. âž ¢ Though dereservation resulted in a few MNCs, i.e. Sara Lee, Kellogs SmithKline Beecham, Heinz etc entering the biscuit industry in India, most of them, with the exception of SmithKline Beecham (Horlicks Biscuits), have ceased production in the country. âž ¢ On the other hand, import of biscuits, especially in the high price segment has started from 1998-99, but however, the quantum of imports has not so far increased alarmingly and has remained at around 3.75% of the consumption of biscuits in the country in the year 2001-02. However, recent imports from china industries cheaper verities of biscuit, needs to be examined with cautions, especially in the context of the price as the low margin based domestic industry, which is operating at 60 % of the total installed capital. Exports of biscuits from India have been to the extent of 5.5% of the total production. Exports are expected to grow only in the year 2003-04 and beyond. âž ¢ Biscuit is a hygienically packaged nutritious snack food available at very competitive prices, volumes and different tastes. According to the NCAER Study, biscuit is predominantly consumed by people from the lower strata of society, particularly children in both rural and urban areas with an average monthly income of Rs. 750.00. âž ¢ Biscuit can he broadly categorized into the following segments: (Based on productions of 2000-01) Glucose 44% Marie 13% Cream 10% Crackers 13% Milk 12% Others 8%. âž ¢ . FBMI ( Federation of Biscuit Manufacturer’s of India ) is an association of all the biscuit manufacturers of India. Major players include Britannia, Parle, ITC, Priyagold, Windsor etc. âž ¢ In recognition of industry’s obligations towards the community, being a part of it, biscuit manufacturers supply biscuits to the social welfare agencies in all States for the benefit of school children, senior citizens and other needy sections of the society. FBMI ( Federation of Biscuit Manufacturer’s of India ) Members have always responded positively to our appeal as also by the Government, to rush truck loads of biscuits to the people affected by earthquakes, floods, famine etc. These members have also participated in supplying biscuits to the people of war ravaged Afghanistan and presently to the Iraqi people, under the aegis of the UN. âž ¢ As regards the consumption pattern is concerned. surveys and estimates by industry from time to time indicate the avera ge consumption scenario in the four Zones have been more or less close to each other, as below: 1. Northern States: 28% 2. Southern States: 24% 3. Western States: 25% 4. Eastern States: 23% [pic] âž ¢ Though India is considered as the third largest producer of Biscuits after USA and China, the per capita consumption of biscuits in our country is only 2.1 Kg., compared to more than 10 kg in the USA, UK and West European countries and above 4.25 kg in south cast Asian countries, Le. Singapore, Hong Kong, Thailand, Indonesia etc. China has a per capita consumption of 1.90 kg, while in the case of Japan it is estimated at 7.5 kg. âž ¢ In view of the meager per capita consumption even as penetration of biscuits manufactured by the organised sector, into rural areas in India, has been very good during the last 10 years, as also in the metro and other cities, small towns etc. However, in spite of this, the industry has not been able to utilize about half of their installed capacities. âž ¢ Biscuit is a comparatively low margin food product in the PMCG (Packaged Mass Consumption Goods) sector. The commodity is also price sensitive, as a consequence of which, even when the Excise Duty was doubled on biscuits in 2000-01 biscuit manufacturers, including the major brands, were not able hike MRPs to the extend of the steep increase in the Duty. Taxation, both Central Excise Duty as also State Sales Tax, other miscellaneous levies i.e. turnover tax, local area tax, mandi taxes, purchase tax, Octroi etc., has been a major deterrent in the growth of the biscuit industry. The CII Study Report has identified Biscuit as one of the products that should treated as â€Å"Merit Good for the purpose of liberal tax policy both by the Centre and States. âž ¢ Besides lack of technology upgradation in manufacturing, packaging etc has also been a factor affecting our industry, along with inadequate financial credit and support particularly for the medium and small scale biscuit un its. âž ¢ On the other hand, the Government of India has identified food processing industries as a priority area to be encouraged for growth and development and created the Ministry of Food Processing Industries (which was till then a Dept in the Ministry of Agriculture), headed by an Ministry of State with Independent charge. âž ¢ Biscuit manufacturing as well as other bakery products like Bread etc are agro based industries, with the major inputs – wheat flour/atta sugar, milk vanaspati/vegetable oil etc all being agriculture produces. âž ¢ Industries such as Biscuit are also languishing as they are not able to achieve their potentials for higher production, in the absence of the concrete food Processing Industry Policy. FBMI in close coordination with other organizations and apex Chambers, initiated to urge the Govt of India to formulate a comprehensive Policy Document, for smooth growth and harmonious development of the industry. The Food Processing Industry Policy, which has been evolved as a result of various workshops, deliberations and representations by a large cross section of food processing industries, is yet to be finalized. It is hoped that the Ministry of Food Processing Industries, GOI would initiate action for implementation of the Policy expeditiously. âž ¢ According to the production figures of members available upto the calendar year 2003, the total production was 625000 tonnes as against 475000 tonnes in the previous year. The production of biscuit for the last 11 years is as under: âž ¢ 1993 – 167750 1994 – 180526 1995 – 202567 1996 – 222371 1997 – 362000 1998 – 400000 1999 – 425000 2000 – 450000 2001 – 465000 2002 – 475000 2003 – 625000 Note: the production of members of FBMI consist of 50% (approx.) of the total production of biscuit in the organized sector. INTRODUCTION TO THE COMPANY HISTORY The story of one of India’s favourite brands reads almost like a fairy tale. Once upon a time, in 1892 to be precise, a biscuit company was started in a nondescript house in Calcutta (now Kolkata) with an initial investment of Rs. 295. The company we all know as Britannia today. The beginnings might have been humble-the dreams were anything but. By 1910, with the advent of electricity, Britannia mechanized its operations, and in 1921, it became the first company east of the Suez Canal to use imported gas ovens. Britannia’s business was flourishing. But, more importantly, Britannia was acquiring a reputation for quality and value. As a result, during the tragic World War II, the Government reposed its trust in Britannia by contracting it to supply large quantities of â€Å"service biscuits† to the armed forces. As time moved on, the biscuit market continued to grow†¦ and Britannia grew along with it. In 1975, the Britannia Biscuit Company took over the distribution of biscuits from Parry’s who till now distributed Britannia biscuits in India. In the subsequent public issue of 1978, Indian shareholding crossed 60%, firmly establishing the Indianness of the firm. The following year, Britannia Biscuit Company was re-christened Britannia Industries Limited (BIL). Four years later in 1983, it crossed the Rs. 100 crores revenue mark. On the operations front, the company was making equally dynamic strides. In 1992, it celebrated its Platinum Jubilee. In 1997, the company unveiled its new corporate identity – â€Å"Eat Healthy, Think Better† – and made its first foray into the dairy products market. In 1999, the â€Å"Britannia Khao, World Cup Jao† promotion further fortified the affinity consumers had with ‘Brand Britannia’. Britannia strode into the 21st Century as one of India’s biggest brands and the pre-eminent food brand of the country. It was equally recognised for its innovative approach to products and marketing: the Lagaan Match was voted India’s most successful promotional activity of the year 2001 while the delicious Britannia 50-50 Maska-Chaska became India’s most successful product launch. In 2002, Britannia’s New Business Division formed a joint venture with Fonterra, the world’s second largest Dairy Company, and Britannia New Zealand Foods Pvt. Ltd. was born. In recognition of its vision and accelerating graph, Forbes Global rated Britannia ‘One amongst the Top 200 Small Companies of the World’, and The Economic Times pegged Britannia India’s 2nd Most Trusted Brand. Today, more than a century after those tentative first steps, Britannia’s fairy tale is not only going strong but blazing new standards, and that miniscule initial Investment has grown by leaps and bounds to crores of rupees in wealth for Britannia’s shareholders. The company’s offerings are spread across the spectrum with products ranging from the healthy and economical Tiger biscuits to the more lifestyle-oriented Milkman Cheese. Having succeeded in garnering the trust of almost one-third of India’s one billion populations and a strong management at the helm means Britannia will continue to dream big on its path of innovation and quality. And millions of consumers will savour the results, happily ever after. HISTORY OF BISCUITS Sweet or salty. Soft or crunchy. Simple or exotic. Everybody loves munching on biscuits, but do they know how biscuits began? The history of biscuits can be traced back to a recipe created by the Roman chef Apicius, in which â€Å"a thick paste of fine wheat flour was boiled and spread out on a plate. When it had dried and hardened it was cut up and then fried until crisp, then served with honey and pepper.† The word ‘Biscuit’ is derived from the Latin words ‘Bis’ (meaning ‘twice’) and ‘Coctus’ (meaning cooked or baked). The word ‘Biscotti’ is also the generic term for cookies in Italian. Back then, biscuits were unleavened, hard and thin wafers which, because of their low water content, were ideal food to store. As people started to explore the globe, biscuits became the ideal traveling food since they stayed fresh for long periods. The seafaring age, thus, witnessed the boom of biscuits when these were sealed in airtight containers to last for months at a time. Hard track biscuits (earliest version of the biscotti and present-day crackers) were part of the staple diet of English and American sailors for many centuries. In fact, the countries which led this seafaring charge, such as those in Western Europe, are the ones where biscuits are most popular even today. Biscotti is said to have been a favorite of Christopher Columbus who discovered America! Making good biscuits is quite an art, and history bears testimony to that. During the 17th and 18th Centuries in Europe, baking was a carefully controlled profession, managed through a series of ‘guilds’ or professional associations. To become a baker, one had to complete years of apprenticeship – working through the ranks of apprentice, journeyman, and finally master baker. Not only this, the amount and quality of biscuits baked were also carefully monitored. The English, Scotch and Dutch immigrants originally brought the first cookies to the United States and they were called teacakes. They were often flavoured with nothing more than the finest butter, sometimes with the addition of a few drops of rose water. Cookies in America were also called by such names as â€Å"jumbles†, â€Å"plunkets† and â€Å"cry babies†. As technology improved during the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, the price of sugar and flour dropped. Chemical leavening agents, such as baking soda, became available and a profusion of cookie recipes occurred. This led to the development of manufactured cookies. Interestingly, as time has passed and despite more varieties becoming available, the essential ingredients of biscuits haven’t changed – like ‘soft’ wheat flour (which contains less protein than the flour used to bake bread) sugar, and fats, such as butter and oil. Today, though they are known by different names the world over, people agree on one thing – nothing beats the biscuit! Some interesting facts on the origin of other forms of biscuits: The recipe for oval shaped cookies (that are also known as boudoir biscuits, sponge biscuits, sponge fingers, Naples biscuits and Savoy biscuits) has changed little in 900 years and dates back to the house of Savoy in the 11th century France. Peter the Great of Russia seems to have enjoyed an oval-shaped cookie called â€Å"lady fingers† when visiting Louis XV of France. The macaroon – a small round cookie with crisp crust and a soft interior – seems to have originated in an Italian monastery in 1792 during the French Revolution. SPRING-uhr-lee, have been traditional Christmas cookies in Austria and Bavaria for centuries. They are made from a simple egg, flour and sugar dough and are usually rectangular in shape. These cookies are made with a leavening agent called ammonium carbonate and baking ammonia. The inspiration for fortune cookies dates back to the 12th & 13th Centuries, when Chinese soldiers slipped rice paper messages into moon cakes to help co-ordinate their defense against, Mongolian invaders. .

Thursday, November 7, 2019

Greed Triggers Fraud And Corruption Essays

Greed Triggers Fraud And Corruption Essays Greed Triggers Fraud And Corruption Essay Greed Triggers Fraud And Corruption Essay Abstraction Purpose Greed triggers fraud and corruptness which is one of the biggest jobs we are confronting in our state as its increasing tremendously instead than diminishing. The intent of this survey is to measure the different types of fraud and corruptness and because it is such a wide subject we will concentrate on a life state of affairs which highlights how greed plays a immense function in the creative activity of fraud and corruptness. Design/ Methodology/ attack in deepness interview are conducted with a senior measure surveyor who has been working for a catching company for the past six old ages and has allowed me to be portion of the probe procedure that is being conducted. The ground behind the probe is to happen out how come they owe such a great sum of money for revenue enhancement but money had been deducted from their wages since they started working and grounds of being below the belt dismissed. : Findingss The employer of the catching company seems to be subtracting money from his employee s wages but non paying the revenue enhancement company without the cognition of his employees utilizing it for his ain private usage. Extra information was found that all his workers have nt been registered under the section of labor and the company has been running for a figure of old ages now and unjust dismissal was practised in this company. Originality/ Value The concluding consequences of this paper will assist us understand and mind that there are all sorts of corruptness in the industry. Ms Anonyms will manus over all her payments slips to the probe officers to turn out that she has been working and paying for her revenue enhancement over the past old ages while working and to besides open a instance of unjust dismissal and take it to the Commission for Conciliation Meditation and Arbitration ( CCMA ) . Footing OF REFERENCE PROPBLEM DESCRIPTION Fraud and corruptness play a large function in the building industry which this consequences in the hindering of development in our state and the state non traveling frontward. Purpose The Aim of the research is to convey the affair of fraud and corruptness to attending of the reader. To observe hazards in the industry and to supply users with relevant anti- corruptness resources. Aim To happen out what triggers fraud and corruptness To what extent is an single willing to lift out low to acquire what they want and non be caught How corruptness affects the Construction industry How it hinders development. Proposal Chapter one 1.1 Introduction Greed is a critical issue impacting the building industry and state as a whole as it leads to fraud and corruptness which plays a immense portion on the hindering of development in our state. Chapter 2 2.1 Greed The selfishness of an person of desiring more and non being satisfied of what they already have. 2.2 Fraud A condemnable offense done deliberately because of personal motivations which the person will derive that could impact another person. Corruptness Chapter three 3.1 Case survey Ms Anonymous finds herself in the center of a fraud and corruptness state of affairs that she was non cognizant off. 3.2 Tax invasion CONTENT Page PGE NO. Acknwoledgements Abstraction Footings of mention Chapter 1 Introduction Fraud and Corruption are wide and complex issues but their roots are embedded in a states societal or cultural history, Political and economic development and it includes both these committed by the authorities, employers, employees, direction staff, persons or a group of people who have come together with one docket merely and these committed is motivated by Greed. Greed tips and single into fraud and corruptness which besides triggers the power of the head, when a individual starts stalling about the benefits and what one shall derive they get down to get down plotting ways in doing these ideas into world and one time these ideas become world and the result is greater than expected they start mistreating the state of affairs into their ain advantage. The building industry sector is recognised as transporting the highest hazard of corruptness, the rate of corruptness and fraud in the industry is increasing tremendously instead than diminishing which is decelerating down the economic system and surprisingly it has become an ordinary and normal wont that is being practised. It is about like a swimming pool which everybody now wants to leap in and swim in the deep terminal non bearing in head that non everybody can swim. Chapter 2 History Greed Greed is that utmost desire to achieve or posses more than what one has such as stuff wealth which is normally more than what one needs and deserves. It besides involves utilizing being affluent to derive power over others besides denying others of wealth and power. It is fundamentally being selfish, thought of one s ego while at the same-time affecting other people negative manner. For illustration if a edifice inspector would accept a payoff from a contractor to O.K. and province that all work done is of good quality and status while that is non true than that is an act of being greedy because looking at the state of affairs the lone people deriving here are the edifice inspector and the contractor while in the long it will negatively impact the community as a whole or the people who will be in usage of the premises that is being built. Fraud In the state we live in fraud is a condemnable act that would disfavor an person or a group of people and it is besides a civil jurisprudence misdemeanor. Fraud is done deliberately which involves dishonesty for personal addition or harm to other persons. Fraud can be categorized into many signifiers for illustration larceny and peculation. In a instance of fraud you would hold for illustration a individual such an Alien ( non belonging in the industry ) who knows nil about the building and the whole background of it holding certifications measure uping him in raising undertakings in a instance that he does nt flush how foundation is done. Corruptness Corruptness in any instance is the act of being dishonest and mistreating power or the individual s place. Corruptness can go on anyplace and is normally committed by an person or a group of people such as functionaries or private individuals. Corruptness comes in many signifiers such as graft, nepotism, cheating, ballot tackle and extortion. An illustration of corruptness would be paying off kickbacks to acquire multi million rand contracts for doubtful grounds, holding to regularly donating immense amounts of money to possibly political parties or purchase expensive gifts such as autos deserving 1000000s rands in-order to acquire something in return. Corruptness and fraud come in with greed because they are actions stem from the deficiency of moralss and undermine human establishment and human dealingss. Chapter 3 CASE STUDY Ms Anonymous and Contracting Company. Ms Anonymous has been working for a catching company for the past 3 old ages as a senior measure surveyor for this company. She did more than merely her employed place where she besides worked in the civil side of the work and any other work that needed attending she would be lief to help in other words she was more of an plus to the company and they had mentioned that to her every bit good. The job started when Ms Anonymous received a missive that she needed to travel kind out her revenue enhancement returns. When she went to pay a visit at the revenue enhancement company ( SARS ) . S he was informed that she owes a batch of money and was asked why she has nt been paying for her revenue enhancement? She was shocked and told them that she has been paying for her revenue enhancement of all time since she started working for her recent company the past three old ages. They told her to bespeak and RIP5 signifier from her employer and besides to maintain all her wage faux pass as cogent evidence of payments for revenue enhancement when needed to look into her history and besides that her company was one of the companies that were chosen for audits in 2012 so they would be an probe with respects to her affair of non paying revenue enhancement and would take things from at that place. Audited accounts where subsequently on done of the company and it revealed that they owe a great trade sum of money and that they have non been paying whatsoever. They told Ms Anonymous to convey all grounds as cogent evidence that money has been deducted from her history for revenue enhancement and they had promised that no information sing with her history would he linked to the proprietors of the company and had assured her that she did nil wrong as they had called in her to question her about her revenue enhancement figure. Investigations continued as the revenue enhancement research workers kept coming into the office to make Company Audits and since they had no fiscal and bank statements and how much is being charged from the workers it pin pointed that they have been non paying such as VAT and PAYE. Thingss started to be small offish at work where they were all panicking and looking for fingers to indicate as they were non cognizant how and what had led SARS to come and scrutinize the company with gaining that SARS had chosen them themselves than rumor went out the Ms Anonymous had went to SARS. Subsequently on they made false wage faux pass stating as he was paid more than she was being paid so that it will demo as if she was the 1 who was non paying Tax but so Ms Anonymousness Payslips had proven all of that incorrect. A month subsequently Ms Anonymous was called into the Bosses office and was told that due to fiscal restraints they will hold allow her travel because they will non be able to afford and they will be giving her 3 months to look for her occupation and are willing to give her good recommendation. Tax The importance of paying revenue enhancement Cipher wants to pay revenue enhancement which is extremely apprehensible but that money is the lone money raised through revenue enhancement that the authorities relies on to bring forth public gross to pay for public disbursals that provide goods and services to the populace. Without revenue enhancement and people non paying it becomes hard for the authorities to seek run intoing the basic demands of the state. Both the province and the local authoritiess are imposed in roll uping revenue enhancement. There are different types of revenue enhancements that need to be paid which are: Income revenue enhancements Payroll revenue enhancements Gross saless revenue enhancements Excise revenue enhancements Wealth revenue enhancements Article I, Section 8, says: The Congress shall hold Power to lie And roll up Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and supply for the common Defence and general Welfare of the state Benefits and utilizations for revenue enhancement As mentioned above that revenue enhancement pays for goods and services for the populace such as: Education Public lodging Public public assistance such as security Unemployment benefits Highwaies and public transit Health Polices Fire protection Tax besides includes day-to-day runing disbursals of the authorities and besides wages of the authorities employees and besides involvement on debt owed by the authorities. It is extremely of import as the benefits of revenue enhancement keep the state in topographic point and running and besides making out to the people who are unable to afford from themselves. The roads we walk and drive in everyday is because of the revenue enhancement that is being paid, the public clinics and infirmaries that help our people to acquire intervention and be attended to when they can non afford when they are ill is because of revenue enhancement and the list goes on but all in all it is good for the state for revenue enhancement to being paid. Duties of income revenue enhancement remunerators The income revenue enhancement system is a voluntary act and conformity but it does non intend that revenue enhancement remunerators can merely pay revenue enhancement when they want to or non pay revenue enhancement when they besides do nt desire to. In other words everybody who is working must pay revenue enhancement and in order enemy people to follow with the legal duties the revenue enhancement jurisprudence must be just and house. When looking at being just, the authorities must be just plenty as to the people paying revenue enhancement habit resent him as the authorities and the leader of the state and besides resent paying revenue enhancement at the terminal of the twenty-four hours and doing certain that everybody complies. When looking at being steadfast, people who do nt follow with this jurisprudence and seek to duck it must be punished and made seen that they are perpetrating a condemnable offense and should pay in a heartfelt way for such action. Punishments for Tax Fraud In most instances people who do nt pay revenue enhancement are due to carelessness or negligence or normally done deliberately and happen ways to avoid paying revenue enhancement which is seen as revenue enhancement fraud and these people are faced with revenue enhancement involvement or revenue enhancement punishments. Tax fraud is when people who avoid paying revenue enhancement and are non honest to the authorities about their monthly/annually incomes so they can be taxed reasonably with respects to how much they earn and they lie in-order to pay small revenue enhancement which becomes unjust to the authorities and all other revenue enhancement remunerators. Tax fraud is a offense and people who commit such offense face high effects near to about 75 percent fiscal punishments. There is no manner of ducking and concealing from paying revenue enhancements because finally everybody is caught merely that it might non be now but when it comes to fraud and corruptness person ever slacks up and leaves foot prints. LABOUR RELATIONS ACT ( LRA ) The labour dealingss act is the relationship between people who work and those who they work for. The labour dealingss act was reshaped and implemented to make a good and working-full environment in the workplace. To give an employer and a employee to work under good and just rules cognizing their rights and restrictions and which lines non to traverse. To protect the employee against the employer and to besides protect the employer against the employee but in most instances employees are opening instances against their employers. it is hoped that democracy in the workplace will convey industrial stableness, economic growing, and labour peace. Judgment of dismissals of the Labour dealingss act Chapter VIII of the LRA concerns unjust dismissals. Section 185 records that every employee has the right non to be below the belt dismissed. The term dismissal is examined in the subdivision 186 and includes: A expiration effected by an employee with or without notice. An employer s failure to regenerate a fixed term contract when an employee has a sensible outlook Refusal of an employer to let an employee to return to work after pregnancy leave. Retrenchment When retrenchment is introduced it is normally when a company is confronting some fiscal troubles and is done for the followerss grounds, economic, structural or proficient grounds and before retrenchment takes topographic point a proper process needs to be taken in-order to let for retrenctment which is as follows: Consultation Immediately when the employer has no other options but to use retrenchment, he has to inform his employees buy keeping up a mass meeting where everybody is present or he could keep single meetings with the persons who will be involved in the retrenchment. Employees are allowed to interact with the employer and besides suggest other alternate ways which could be looked into such as cut downing working hours and besides workings yearss, the appropriate method to be used for the people are to be dismissed. Minutess can be taken in this instance as it would assist for misunderstood state of affairss and to protect both the employer and employees. When audience is taking place members of the trade brotherhoods can be present to protect their workers and all the committee for conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration ( CCMA ) can besides be present to step in in this affair. Unwraping of information in authorship When complementing retrenchment the administration or the employer should publish letters to the employees that will be affected because of retrenchment. The information should inform the employees of the pending and the day of the months of retrenchment, grounds why they will be intiating retrenchment, the servenrane wage that is proposed, the aid of the employer with respects with interviews and helping them in acquiring new employment if possible. Should at that place be any misinterpretation or any differences that could take topographic point than the employer shall mention to the written information to clear up any mis-understandingand these differences could be handled by the labour tribunal or the Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration ( CCMA ) . Opportunity for feedback The employer should give employees the chance to give feedback with the proposed retrenchment that will take topographic point, give them a opportunity to do presentations and whatever is said and presented must be taken inot consideration by the employer and seek to negociate as so all paryies are happy. The last in 1st out regulation should be applied when covering with retrenchment as you ca nt compare a individual who has been working for a company for the past 3 old ages over a individual who has been around the company for 2months. If the company is traveling through fiscal restraints and they wish to allow travel a few staff than they should see the last late employed staff. Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Data aggregation With the information gathered with respects to Miss Anonymouses instance we can pull up the undermentioned checklist: The company has been subtracting revenue enhancement from her wage She received a monthly income She enjoyed one-year and ill leave, UIF and PAYE benefits She has been working for the company for the past 3 old ages She signed an employment contract of reinstatement in September 2009 There is no cogent evidence of her being registered by her employer under the Labour tribunal Datas analysis With the collected information it shows that Miss Anonymouses was a full employee of the company which besides makes her autumn under the people who should be paying revenue enhancement to the authorities every-month. Having a expression at her payslip it clearly shows that money has been deducted for revenue enhancement from her payslip and with her cognition she has been paying for revenue enhancement. Extra information has been found that she was has non been registered under the labour tribunal significance she ca nt be taxed as they may non be cognizant of how much she gets paid which is would do it difficult for the revenue enhancement adult male to revenue enhancement her properly. The company is at mistake for utilizing moneyof the employees for their ain personal usage and without their cognition and this drunkard of behavior does fall under fraud and corruptness and is a offense. She has been working for the company for over the past three old ages so if the company was traveling through any kind of fiscal jobs and they saw utilizing the retrenchment system as portion of covering costs than they did non follow the proper processs of dismissal, she was non even consulted decently or given a opportunity to discourse the affair and negotiate or think of other alternate ways to avoid such dismissal. Re-solutions, suggestions When mentioning to the instance survey, the best possible stairss that could be taken here is that Ms Anonymous keeps all cogent evidence of her payments that she can stand for to SARS, compose each and every individual thing said to her and if they is anything asked or told to inquire for it in composing and signed for because in the state we live in anything is possible and to do life easy is holding all cogent evidence and grounds merely to be on the safe side. With respects to unjust dismissal, she should take the affair to the CCMA and describe the act of unjust dismissal because no proper processs where taken so it is either they will hold to counterbalance her even more or giver her, her occupation back if she is willing to take it back. Each and every employee has a right to be treated reasonably in the on the job environment and legal action can be taken in state of affairss like this. Chapter 6 Decision Fraud and corruptness is everyplace and is triggered by greed of an person and it reduces economic growing, quality of life and undermines authorities creditability and reduces effectiveness. The battle against them should be presented in a short period of clip in order to contend corruptness. Every federal section and bureau should work together continuously. Audit and probe s could happen any corruptness or fraud instances, but the most of import thing is to specify how to forestall and observe them at the earliest phase possible.

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

Brachylophosaurus - Facts and Figures

Brachylophosaurus - Facts and Figures Name: Brachylophosaurus (Greek for short-crested lizard); pronounced BRACK-ee-LOW-fo-SORE-us Habitat: Woodlands of North America Historical Period: Late Cretaceous (75 million years ago) Size and Weight: About 20 feet long and two tons Diet: Plants Distinguishing Characteristics: Thick, downturned beak; short crest on head; susceptibility to cancer About Brachylophosaurus Three complete fossils of the hadrosaur, or duck-billed dinosaur, Brachylophosaurus have been discovered, and theyre so amazingly well-preserved that (as paleontologists often do) they were immediately given nicknames: Elvis, Leonardo and Roberta. (The same research team also unearthed a fourth, incomplete fossil of a juvenile, which they dubbed Peanut.) The most completely preserved specimen, Leonardo, is the subject of a Discovery Channel documentary, Secrets of the Dinosaur Mummy. In this show, its revealed that Leonardo had a birdlike crop on its neck (presumably to aid in digestion) as well as different-sized scales on different parts of its body, among other unique anatomical features. Although its named for the unusually short crest on its head (short, that is, for a hadrosaur), Brachylophosaurus stood out more for its thick, downward-turning beak, which some paleontologists take as evidence that the males of this genus head-butted one another for the attention of females. This dinosaur is also known for its unique pathology: detailed analysis of various fossil specimens in 2003 revealed that these individuals suffered from an assortment of tumors, and one was in the end-stages of metastatic cancer (which may either have killed this dinosaur, or weakened it sufficiently that it was easily picked off by a hungry Tyrannosaurus Rex).